Journal: iScience

Article Title: TNFR1 mediates heterogeneity in single-cell NF-κB activation

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109486

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: Antibodies used in this study include: Anti-TNFR1 (AF-425-PB, R&D Systems), anti-GADPH (MAB374, Merck), donkey anti-goat IgG-HRP (sc-2020, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), and Goat anti-Mouse IgG-HRP (31430, Thermo Fisher Scientific).

Techniques: Virus, Recombinant, Cloning, Polymer, Plasmid Preparation, Software, Cell Tracking Assay

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: The systemic exercise-released chemokine lymphotactin/XCL1 modulates in vitro adult hippocampal precursor cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation

doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48360-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: XCL1 plasma levels rise after running and XCL1 treatment increases the number of neurospheres. ( a ) XCL1 plasma levels measured by an ELISA in standard-housed mice (STD, n = 5 mice) and mice housed for 4 days with a running wheel (RUN, n = 6 mice). * p < 0.05, Student’s t -test. ( b ) qPCR gene expression analysis of lymphotactin receptors reveals that neural precursor cells express Itga9 but not Xcr1 (left), although both Itga9 and Xcr1 are detected in splenic control tissue (right). Uncropped gels are presented in Supplementary Fig. . ( c ) Representative images of a SVZ neurosphere (top) and a DG neurosphere (bottom). Scale bars: 100 μm. ( d ) Neurosphere assays with DG-derived primary cells cultured with XCL1. n = 9 to 10 independent experiments, * p < 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Dunnett test. ( e ) Neurosphere assays with SVZ-derived primary cells cultured with XCL1. n = 6 to 9 independent experiments, ** p < 0.01, one-way ANOVA with Dunnett test. ( f ) Neurosphere assays with XCL1-neutralizing antibodies. n = 3 to 6 independent experiments, * p < 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Dunnett test. ( g ) Size distribution of DG-derived neurospheres cultured with XCL1. n = 7 to 8 independent experiments. Dashed lines represent control cultures normalized to 100%. All data represent the mean ± SEM.

Article Snippet: Compounds, including recombinant mouse XCL1 protein (R & D Systems) and mouse XCL1 antibodies (5 μg/ml; R & D Systems) diluted in 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), were added immediately before seeding.

Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Gene Expression, Control, Derivative Assay, Cell Culture

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: The systemic exercise-released chemokine lymphotactin/XCL1 modulates in vitro adult hippocampal precursor cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation

doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48360-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: XCL1 promotes neuronal differentiation in adherent monolayer and neurosphere cultures. ( a ) Viability assay in adherent NPC cultures with XCL1. n = 5 to 6 independent experiments. ( b ) CFSE proliferation assay in adherent NPC cultures with XCL1. n = 3 independent experiments, ** p < 0.01, one-way ANOVA with Dunnett test. ( c ) Motility of adherent monolayer-cultured NPCs determined by semi-automated tracking. Data are plotted as the 5 th /95 th percentile with outliers represented as circles. XCL1: n = 92 cells, Control: n = 104 cells, *** p < 0.001, Student’s t -test. ( d ) Quantifica t ion of β-tubulin + cells in proliferating NPC cultures two days after the addition of XCL1. n = 4 independent experiments, * p < 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Dunnett test. ( e ) Representative image of differentiated NPCs in adherent monolayer cultures showing GFAP + astrocytes in green and β-tubulin + neurons in red. Scale bar: 50 μm. ( f ) Quantification of GFAP + and β-tubulin + cells in differentiated adherent monolayer cultures treated with XCL1. n = 4 to 5 independent experiments, * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001, one-way ANOVA with Dunnett test. ( g ) Representative image of differentiated neurospheres showing GFAP + astrocytes in green and β-tubulin + neurons in red. Scale bar: 50 μm. ( h ) Quantification of GFAP + and β-tubulin + cells in differentiated neurosphere cultures treated with XCL1. n = 5 independent experiments, *** p < 0.001, one-way ANOVA with Dunnett test. Dashed lines represent control cultures normalized to 100%. All data represent the mean ± SEM.

Article Snippet: Compounds, including recombinant mouse XCL1 protein (R & D Systems) and mouse XCL1 antibodies (5 μg/ml; R & D Systems) diluted in 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), were added immediately before seeding.

Techniques: Viability Assay, Proliferation Assay, Cell Culture, Control

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: The systemic exercise-released chemokine lymphotactin/XCL1 modulates in vitro adult hippocampal precursor cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation

doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48360-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: XCL1 influences the cell cycle progression of NPCs in vitro . ( a ) Representative images of a dividing NPC followed by time-lapse microscopy. Images are 5 min apart. Yellow arrows mark the process of cell division. Scale bar: 10 μm. ( b ) Example of a generation tree of a re-dividing cell obtained from semi-automated cell tracking of NPCs to calculate the mean generation time. ( c ) Generation time of NPCs cultured with and without XCL1 determined by semi-automated cell tracking. Data are plotted as the 5 th /95 th percentile with outliers represented as circles. Control: n = 23 cells, XCL1: n = 26 cells. ( d ) Representative flow cytometry plots of the click-iT EdU proliferation assay. Viable cells were first defined using forward scatter and side scatter (left). Doublets were then excluded from single cell signals by plotting Hoechst-width against Hoechst-area (middle). Finally, to determine the cell cycle phase, the DNA content (Hoechst label) was plotted against the EdU signal (right). ( e ) Percentage of NPCs in S phase. n = 4 independent experiments, ** p < 0.01, one-way ANOVA with Dunnett test. ( f ) Percentage of NPCs in G2/M phases. n = 4 independent experiments. ( g ) Percentage of NPCs in G1/G0 phases. n = 4 independent experiments. All data represent the mean ± SEM.

Article Snippet: Compounds, including recombinant mouse XCL1 protein (R & D Systems) and mouse XCL1 antibodies (5 μg/ml; R & D Systems) diluted in 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), were added immediately before seeding.

Techniques: In Vitro, Time-lapse Microscopy, Cell Tracking Assay, Cell Culture, Control, Flow Cytometry, Proliferation Assay

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: The systemic exercise-released chemokine lymphotactin/XCL1 modulates in vitro adult hippocampal precursor cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation

doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48360-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: Neurogenesis in XCL1 KO mice is reduced ex vivo . ( a ) Neurosphere assays with primary DG cells from XCL1 KO mice (−/−) and WT littermates (+/+). n = 6 mice per group, * p < 0.05, paired Student’s t -test. ( b ) Representative image of differentiated neurospheres showing GFAP + astrocytes in green and β-tubulin + neurons in red. Scale bar: 50 μm. ( c ) Quantification of GFAP + and β-tubulin + cells in differentiated neurosphere cultures from XCL1 −/− and +/+ mice. n = 4 mice per group, * p < 0.05, Student’s t -test. ( d ) and ( e ) Neurosphere assays with primary DG cells from XCL1 −/− and +/+ mice in the presence of ( d ) potassium chloride (n = 4 to 5 independent experiments) and ( e ) norepinephrine (n = 6 independent experiments). *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001, Student’s t -test.

Article Snippet: Compounds, including recombinant mouse XCL1 protein (R & D Systems) and mouse XCL1 antibodies (5 μg/ml; R & D Systems) diluted in 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), were added immediately before seeding.

Techniques: Ex Vivo